Constitutional offices · verified 3 September 2026
Hari Babu Kambhampati is Governor and Mohan Charan Majhi is Chief Minister.
State dossier 20 · Odisha
Odisha since 1947.
A source-led record of princely-State integration, constitutional government, elections, people, economy, Adivasi rights, World Heritage, coasts, forests and accountability.
Boundary rule: the separate Orissa Province formed in 1936, but the present territorial frame emerged through the 1948–49 princely-State mergers. “Orissa” became “Odisha” constitutionally in 2011; the rename did not create a new State.
147Assembly constituencies
21Lok Sabha constituencies
41,974,218Census 2011 population
1UNESCO World Heritage property
Constitutional journey
A linguistic province, integrated princely States and a constitutional rename shape the modern record.
1 APR 1936Separate Orissa Province established
1948–1949Princely States integrated; Mayurbhanj completed the territorial consolidation
1950Orissa became a Part A State
1 NOV 2011Constitutional name changed from Orissa to Odisha
Government territorial history · Orissa (Alteration of Name) Act, 2011.
Chief Ministers and constitutional administration
| Chief Minister / administration | Period | Political frame |
|---|---|---|
| Harekrushna Mahatab; Nabakrushna Choudhury | 1946–1956 | INC ministries across Independence |
| Harekrushna Mahatab | 1956–1961 | INC |
| Biju Patnaik; Biren Mitra; Sadashiva Tripathy | 1961–1967 | INC ministries |
| Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo | 1967–1971 | Swatantra–Orissa Jana Congress coalition |
| Biswanath Das; Nandini Satpathy; Binayak Acharya | 1971–1977 | Congress-led ministries |
| President’s Rule | 1961; 1971; 1973–1974; 1976–1977; 1980 | Article 356 periods |
| Nilamani Routray | 1977–1980 | Janata Party |
| Janaki Ballabh Patnaik | 1980–1989; 1995–1999 | INC |
| Hemananda Biswal | 1989–1990; 1999–2000 | INC |
| Biju Patnaik | 1990–1995 | Janata Dal |
| Giridhar Gamang | 1999 | INC |
| Naveen Patnaik | 5 Mar 2000–12 Jun 2024 | BJD; five consecutive terms |
| Mohan Charan Majhi | 12 Jun 2024–present | BJP |
Governor and current ministry
Council of Ministers
Kanak Vardhan Singh Deo and Pravati Parida are Deputy Chief Ministers. The official cabinet directory controls current portfolios; Mohan Charan Majhi holds Finance, Home, Water Resources, Planning and other unallocated departments.
Assembly elections and parties
| Election era | Mandate | Context |
|---|---|---|
| 1951–1961 | INC-led governments | Post-integration consolidation. |
| 1967 | Swatantra-led coalition | First non-Congress government. |
| 1971–1985 | Congress, Janata, then Congress | Several central-rule interruptions. |
| 1990 | Janata Dal 123 | Biju Patnaik returned as Chief Minister. |
| 1995 | INC majority | Janaki Ballabh Patnaik returned. |
| 2000–2019 | BJD-led, then BJD majorities | Naveen Patnaik won five successive elections. |
| 2024 | BJP 78; BJD 51; INC 14; CPI(M) 1; independents 3 | First BJP State government. |
Odisha elects 147 MLAs and 21 Lok Sabha members. Assembly election results and party totals use ECI’s final statistical record.
People, economy and public finance
| Measure | Figure / frame | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 41,974,218 | Census 2011 |
| Area | 155,707 km² | Government geography |
| GSDP, 2025–26 | ₹9.88 lakh crore at current prices | Advance estimate |
| Real growth, 2025–26 | 7.9% | Advance estimate |
| Budget expenditure, 2025–26 | ₹2.90 lakh crore | Budget estimate |
Mining and metals, manufacturing, services, agriculture, fisheries and ports are major components. State growth, mineral revenue and household welfare are not interchangeable; district and social disparities remain visible.
Heritage, coast, forests and civic change
World Heritage
The Sun Temple at Konark is Odisha’s UNESCO World Heritage property. Jagannath traditions, Buddhist and Jain sites, temple landscapes, dance, music and crafts use their respective institutional records.
Coast and wetlands
Chilika, Bhitarkanika, olive ridley nesting coasts and cyclone-prone districts require distinct Ramsar, wildlife and disaster-management evidence. Seasonal counts are never permanent totals.
Adivasi lands and forests
Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes together form nearly 40% of the 2011 population. Mining, displacement, PESA, Forest Rights Act and Gram Sabha claims are traced to project and case records.
Movements and disaster governance
Language-based State formation, anti-displacement movements, farmer and labour mobilisation, and cyclone preparedness are tied to dated demands, policies and measured outcomes.
Audits and public accountability
CAG State Finances, revenue, compliance, performance, public-sector and local-body reports are tied to audited years and government replies. Mining, irrigation, procurement and welfare findings require report-level evidence.
Audit observation, allegation, inquiry, charge, trial, judgment and appeal remain separate legal and evidentiary stages.
Source ledger
Formation and name: Parliament, India Code and State history · offices and cabinet: Lok Bhavan, CMO and State portal · elections: ECI · population: Census India · economy: Economic Survey, Finance, DES, RBI and CAG · heritage and nature: UNESCO, ASI, Forest, Ramsar and disaster authorities · rights: statutes, Gram Sabha, commission and court records. Checked 3 September 2026.