Four Gujarat properties
Champaner-Pavagadh (2004), Rani-ki-Vav (2014), Historic City of Ahmadabad (2017) and Dholavira (2021) are UNESCO World Heritage properties wholly in Gujarat.
State dossier 08 · Gujarat
Gujarat since 1960.
A source-led record of formation, constitutional offices, ministries, elections, people, economy, heritage, ecology, movements and public accountability.
Boundary rule: Gujarat was created from the bilingual Bombay State on 1 May 1960. Earlier statistics belong to their historical administrative units; later district changes and the 1965 transfer of the Rann of Kutch territory are not silently projected backwards.
182Assembly constituencies
26Lok Sabha constituencies
60,439,692Census 2011 population
4UNESCO properties wholly in Gujarat
Constitutional journey
Language reorganisation created the State; later milestones changed its capital and borders.
1 MAY 1960Bombay Reorganisation Act created Gujarat and Maharashtra
1965–1970Kutch tribunal settlement; capital shifted from Ahmedabad to Gandhinagar
1974–1985Nav Nirman and reservation agitations reshaped public politics
Chief Ministers and constitutional administration
| Chief Minister / administration | Exact period | Party / status |
|---|---|---|
| Jivraj Narayan Mehta | 1 May 1960–19 Sep 1963 | INC |
| Balwantrai Mehta | 19 Sep 1963–19 Sep 1965 | INC; died in office |
| Hitendra K. Desai | 19 Sep 1965–12 May 1971 | INC |
| President’s Rule | 13 May 1971–17 Mar 1972 | Article 356 |
| Ghanshyam Oza | 17 Mar 1972–17 Jul 1973 | INC |
| Chimanbhai Patel | 17 Jul 1973–9 Feb 1974 | INC |
| President’s Rule | 9 Feb 1974–18 Jun 1975 | Article 356 |
| Babubhai J. Patel | 18 Jun 1975–12 Mar 1976 | Janata Morcha |
| President’s Rule | 12 Mar–24 Dec 1976 | Article 356 |
| Madhav Singh Solanki | 24 Dec 1976–10 Apr 1977 | INC |
| Babubhai J. Patel | 11 Apr 1977–17 Feb 1980 | Janata Party |
| President’s Rule | 17 Feb–6 Jun 1980 | Article 356 |
| Madhav Singh Solanki | 7 Jun 1980–6 Jul 1985 | INC; successive ministries |
| Amarsinh Chaudhary | 6 Jul 1985–9 Dec 1989 | INC |
| Madhav Singh Solanki | 10 Dec 1989–3 Mar 1990 | INC |
| Chimanbhai Patel | 4 Mar 1990–17 Feb 1994 | Janata Dal, later INC; died in office |
| Chhabildas Mehta | 17 Feb 1994–13 Mar 1995 | INC |
| Keshubhai Patel | 14 Mar–21 Oct 1995 | BJP |
| Suresh Mehta | 21 Oct 1995–19 Sep 1996 | BJP |
| President’s Rule | 19 Sep–23 Oct 1996 | Article 356 |
| Shankersinh Vaghela | 23 Oct 1996–27 Oct 1997 | RJP coalition |
| Dilip Parikh | 28 Oct 1997–4 Mar 1998 | RJP coalition |
| Keshubhai Patel | 4 Mar 1998–6 Oct 2001 | BJP |
| Narendra Modi | 7 Oct 2001–22 May 2014 | BJP; successive ministries |
| Anandiben Patel | 22 May 2014–7 Aug 2016 | BJP |
| Vijay Rupani | 7 Aug 2016–13 Sep 2021 | BJP; successive ministries |
| Bhupendra Patel | 13 Sep 2021–present | BJP; second ministry since 12 Dec 2022 |
Gujarat Assembly former Chief Ministers · current Chief Minister · India Code.
Governors since State formation
| Governor | Tenure / succession |
|---|---|
| Mehdi Nawaz Jung | 1960–1965 |
| Nityanand Kanungo | 1965–1967 |
| P. N. Bhagwati · acting | 1967 |
| Shriman Narayan | 1967–1973 |
| P. N. Bhagwati · acting | 1973 |
| K. K. Viswanathan | 1973–1978 |
| Sharda Mukherjee | 1978–1983 |
| K. M. Chandy | 1983–1984 |
| Braj Kumar Nehru | 1984–1986 |
| R. K. Trivedi | 1986–1990 |
| Mahipal Shastri | 1990 |
| Sarup Singh | 1990–1995 |
| Naresh Chandra | 1995–1996 |
| Krishna Pal Singh | 1996–1998 |
| Anshuman Singh | 1998–1999 |
| K. G. Balakrishnan · acting | 1999 |
| Sunder Singh Bhandari | 1999–2003 |
| Kailashpati Mishra | 2003–2004 |
| Balram Jakhar · additional charge | July 2004 |
| Naval Kishore Sharma | 2004–2009 |
| S. C. Jamir | 2009 |
| Kamla Beniwal | 2009–2014 |
| Margaret Alva | 2014 · additional charge |
| Om Prakash Kohli | 2014–2019 |
| Acharya Devvrat | 22 Jul 2019–present |
This compact register preserves acting and additional-charge status where the official archive identifies it. Appointment warrants and assumption-of-office dates control over simplified biographies.
Current Council of Ministers · verified 2 September 2026
| Office | Ministers in the live Government roster |
|---|---|
| Chief Minister | Bhupendra Patel |
| Deputy Chief Minister | Harsh Sanghavi |
| Cabinet Ministers | Kanubhai Desai; Jitubhai Vaghani; Rushikesh Patel; Kunvarjibhai Bavaliya; Nareshbhai Patel; Arjunbhai Modhwadia; Dr Pradyuman Vaja; Ramanbhai Solanki |
| Ministers of State | Ishwarsinh Patel; Praful Pansheriya; Dr Manisha Vakil; Parshottambhai Solanki; Kantilal Amrutiya; Rameshbhai Katara; Darshnaben Vaghela; Kaushikbhai Vekariya; Pravinbhai Mali; Dr Jayrambhai Gamit; Trikambhai Chhanga; Kamleshbhai Patel; Sanjaysinh Mahida; Poonamchand Baranda; Swaroopji Thakor; Rivabaa Jadeja |
Portfolio allocations remain attached to each office-holder in the live GAD register. This dated snapshot must be rechecked after any reshuffle; it deliberately does not reuse the superseded 2022 roster.
Assembly elections, representation and parties
| Election era | Mandate / government | Context |
|---|---|---|
| 1962–1972 | INC governments | First three Assembly elections after State formation. |
| 1975 | Janata Morcha coalition | Election followed Nav Nirman and President’s Rule. |
| 1980, 1985 | INC majorities | Solanki era and KHAM coalition politics. |
| 1990 | Janata Dal–BJP coalition | Ended uninterrupted Congress dominance. |
| 1995 | BJP majority | Instability followed within the term. |
| 1998, 2002, 2007 | BJP-led governments | BJP consolidated State-level power. |
| 2012 | BJP 115 of 182 | Narendra Modi’s third consecutive elected ministry. |
| 2017 | BJP 99; INC 77 | BJP retained government with a reduced majority. |
| 2022 | BJP 156; INC 17; AAP 5; others 4 | Largest single-party majority in the State’s Assembly history. |
Gujarat elects 182 MLAs and 26 Lok Sabha members. INC, Swatantra, Janata formations, BJP and regional breakaways shaped different periods; ECI reports control seat, turnout, symbol and party-status claims.
ECI statistical reports · ECI 2022 results · Gujarat Assembly.
People, economy and public finance
| Measure | Verified figure / frame | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 60,439,692 | Census 2011 |
| Literacy rate | 78.03% | Census 2011 |
| Area | 196,024 km² | Government of Gujarat |
| Urban share | 42.60% | Census 2011 |
| GSDP reference | ₹22.61 lakh crore | Current-price official economic snapshot; edition must be retained |
| Industrial structure | Manufacturing, petroleum, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, engineering, textiles, diamonds, dairy and ports | Sector description, not a claim of equal output or causation |
Current prices, constant prices, estimates and audited actuals are separate series. Industrial output is not treated as a complete measure of household welfare, ecology or regional distribution.
Heritage, culture and protected nature
Shared serial heritage
The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier includes the Capitol Complex in Chandigarh, not Gujarat. Gujarat’s four-property count therefore does not inflate serial sites from elsewhere.
Gir landscape
Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary form the best-known protected landscape for the Asiatic lion; legal boundaries and population estimates require dated Forest Department records.
Wetlands, coast and desert
Nalsarovar, Thol, Wadhvana and Khijadiya have Ramsar records; the Marine National Park, Gulf ecosystems and Kutch landscapes carry distinct legal and ecological status.
UNESCO India list · Dholavira · Gujarat Forest Department · Ramsar Sites Information Service.
Movements and civic change
| Record | Demand / actors | Outcome and boundary |
|---|---|---|
| Mahagujarat movement | Language-based Statehood for Gujarati-speaking areas. | Gujarat formed on 1 May 1960 under Parliament’s reorganisation law. |
| Nav Nirman, 1973–74 | Student-led protests over prices and corruption expanded into a Statewide movement. | Chimanbhai Patel resigned; the Assembly was dissolved and President’s Rule imposed. Protest claims remain distinct from adjudicated findings. |
| Reservation agitations, 1981 and 1985 | Competing mobilisation over quotas and social representation. | Violence and communal conflict accompanied the 1985 agitation; casualties require source-specific attribution. |
| Narmada politics | Development, irrigation, displacement, rehabilitation and environmental claims around the Sardar Sarovar project. | Outcomes span tribunal awards, Supreme Court orders, clearances and rehabilitation records—not a single event or verdict. |
Audits and public accountability
| Official record | Type | Scope |
|---|---|---|
| State Finances Audit Report | Annual CAG audit | Receipts, expenditure, debt, budget management and financial reporting. |
| Compliance audit reports | Department and transaction audits | Findings are tied to the named department, sampled period and government response. |
| Local bodies reports | Panchayat and urban governance | Devolution, accounts, service delivery and control systems within the report’s audit frame. |
Audit observation, allegation, inquiry, investigation, charge, trial, conviction, acquittal, closure and appeal are never conflated. A CAG finding is evidence of an audit conclusion—not by itself proof of criminal guilt.
CAG Gujarat audit archive · CAG State Accounts · accountability methodology.
Source ledger
Formation and boundaries: Parliament and India Code · Governors: Lok Bhavan and President of India · Chief Ministers, cabinet and portfolios: Assembly, CMO and GAD · Elections and parties: ECI · Population: Census India · Economy: State Budget, statistics directorate, RBI and CAG · Heritage: UNESCO and ASI · Nature: Forest Department, MoEFCC and Ramsar · Movements: statutes, courts and official archives · Accountability: CAG, courts and authorised agencies. Checked 2 September 2026.